(一)、直動式電磁閥

原理：通電時，電磁線圈產(chǎn)生電磁力把關(guān)閉件從閥座上提起，閥門打開；斷電時，電磁力消失，彈簧

力把關(guān)閉件壓在閥座上，閥門關(guān)閉。
特點：在真空、負壓、零壓時能正常工作，但一般通徑不超過25mm。
(二)、分步直動式電磁閥
原 理：它是一種直動和先導(dǎo)式相結(jié)合的原理，當(dāng)入口與出口壓差≤0.05Mpa，通電時，電磁力直接把

先導(dǎo)小閥和主閥關(guān)閉件依次向上提起，閥門打開。當(dāng)入口與 出口壓差>0.05Mpa，通電時，電磁力先打

開先導(dǎo)小閥，主閥下腔壓力上升，上腔壓力下降，從而利用壓差把主閥向上推開；斷電時，先導(dǎo)閥和

主閥利 用彈簧力或介質(zhì)壓力推動關(guān)閉件，向下移動，使閥門關(guān)閉。
特點：在零壓差或真空、高壓時亦能可*工作，但功率較大，要求豎直安裝。
(三)、先導(dǎo)式電磁閥
原理：通電時，電磁力把先導(dǎo)孔打開，上腔室壓力迅速下降，在關(guān)閉件周圍形成上低下高的壓差，推

動關(guān)閉件向上移動，閥門打開；斷電時，彈簧力把先導(dǎo)孔關(guān)閉，入口壓力通過旁通孔迅速進入上腔室

在關(guān)閥件周圍形成下低上高的壓差，推動關(guān)閉件向下移動，關(guān)閉閥門。
特點：流體壓力范圍上限很高，但必須滿足流體壓差條件。
目 前在國內(nèi)銷售的常用電磁閥有DV(DVF)、PGA、PEB(PESB)、BPE系列十幾個品種，口徑從 3/4”到3

”，主要用于農(nóng)業(yè)、園林、高爾夫、工業(yè)防塵及噴泉等領(lǐng)域。常用電磁閥多為隔膜閥，其工作原理是

：閥體分為上下兩個室，中間為隔膜，在水壓相同 的條件下，由于隔膜上下受力面積不同而產(chǎn)生壓力

差，到達切斷水流的目的。
電磁閥開啟狀態(tài)----當(dāng)通過遠程控制器給電信號或手動旋轉(zhuǎn)電磁頭，排水通道打開，上隔膜室內(nèi)水排

出，室內(nèi)壓強減小，作用在上隔膜的壓力變小，在上游壓力作用下推動隔膜向上運動，打開管路通道

。
電磁閥關(guān)閉狀態(tài)----手動關(guān)閉或斷開電磁頭電信號，使排水通道關(guān)閉，上隔膜室內(nèi)慢慢充滿水，等到

橫膈膜上下壓強一致時，由于橫膈膜上側(cè)受力面積較大，使隔膜向下運動，關(guān)閉管路通道。
單電控只有一個電磁頭,得電后,電磁閥換向，失電后，電磁閥由于彈簧的作用復(fù)位，雙電控2位電磁閥

有2個電磁頭，只能其中一個得電，得電后，電磁閥換向,失電后，電磁閥保持位置，必須另一邊的電

磁頭得電，電磁閥才回復(fù)原位。
 

上海樂利自動化科技有限公司

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